Atlantoaxial instability (AAI) is a condition primarily affecting small breed dogs, particularly those with congenital predispositions. It involves instability at the atlantoaxial joint ...

Atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (AARF) and subluxation are conditions that affect the cervical spine, specifically the joint between the first cervical vertebra (C1, or atlas) and the second ...

Ankylosing spondylitis is one of the commonest inflammatory diseases of the axial skeleton and can be complicated by atlanto-axial instability. This serious and likely underestimated complication can ...