The first major caliphate was the Rashidun Caliphate, followed by the Umayyad Caliphate and the Abbasid Caliphate. The Islamic Golden age began during the Abbasid caliphate which was centred ...
Considered among the largest empires, the Umayyad Caliphate was founded in 632 CE. The Umayyad Caliphate, the second of the four major Arab caliphates established after Muhammad's death ...
Allemaal vergezeld van Griekse en Arabische teksten. Built in the early 8th century beside the Wadi Butum, a seasonal watercourse, this desert establishment was both a fortress with a garrison and a ...
Wallada the only child of one of the last Umayyad caliphs alMustakfi murdered ... evocating the civil war and the fall of the Umayyad caliphate of alAndalus ...