Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can result from chronic bronchitis or emphysema. Some people may also have COPD and asthma, which can worsen both conditions. Chronic obstructive ...
A score that measures airflow into and out of your lungs can help diagnose COPD and determine the best treatments. Share on Pinterest PongMoji/Getty Images Spirometry is an important tool for ...
The problem with COPD is you have obstruction to air flow, so most patients have a chronic cough, have some shortness of breath, have some wheezing. And periodically they will have what we call an ...
The current pathophysiology of COPD encompasses three main characteristics: emphysema, chronic bronchitis and small airway disease. Macrophages and neutrophils are implicated in this process ...