However, the expedition’s focus was not on researching the city’s rich Phoenician or Roman history, but on something much greater: the remains of Emperor Frederick I, known as Barbarossa. The ...

more often he resided in one of the German spa towns or ventured out on extended journeys within Europe. In 1898, during his second journey to the Orient, which wasn’t without its critics within the ...

a new imperial constitution was set up within the now unified German states Wilhelm I, was officially recognised as Emperor (Kaiser) of the German Empire ...

Pacelli’s letters to the bishops of Germany attest to the bonds of trust between the Nuncio and the country’s clergy ...