The principal veins in the superficial system are the great saphenous vein (GSV ... which become dilated tortuous clusters of varicose veins (Figure 1B). Although valve reflux contributes to ...

Varicose veins (VVs) classically result from venous ... In a significant number of patients, there is no demonstrable truncal saphenous reflux and varicosities are the result of isolated ...

This method is ineffective for varicose veins from grade 2 onwards as it cannot affect the deep venous system, located 1-2 cm beneath the skin and the main cause of saphenous vein insufficiency.

Varicose veins needs careful assessment by ... Great saphenous and short saphenous veins are the best natural conduits for future vascular or cardiac bypass operations with longevity of patency ...