A magma series is a chemically distinct range of magma compositions that describes the evolution of a mafic magma into a more evolved, silica rich end member. Rock types of the tholeiitic magma series include tholeiitic basalt, ferro-basalt, tholeiitic basaltic andesite, tholeiitic andesite, dacite and rhyolite.

Of all the magma types, basaltic magma is the most fluid. Though, it is not as fluid as water. Once basaltic magma cools down, it becomes basalt rock. Basaltic magma is also known as mafic lava. Andesitic magma has a silica content of 55% to 65% with average levels of sodium, potassium, iron, calcium, and magnesium.

2 principal types of basalt in the ocean basins Table 10.1. Common petrographic differences between tholeiitic and alkaline basalts. Tholeiitic Basalt. Alkaline Basalt. Usually fine-grained, intergranular. Usually fairly coarse, intergranular to ophitic. Groundmass. No olivine. Olivine common. Clinopyroxene = augite (plus possibly pigeonite)

Although Earth’s volcanic rocks have variable compositions and contain many different elements, silicon and oxygen dominate most magmas. The most common magmas range from rhyolite, typically containing 70-77 wt% silica (SiO 2, silicon oxide), to basalt, typified by 45-55 wt% silica.

Basalt and gabbro are the extrusive and intrusive names for mafic igneous rocks, and peridotite is ultramafic, with komatiite as the fine-grained extrusive equivalent. Komatiite is a rare rock because volcanic material that comes directly from the mantle is not common, although some examples can be found in ancient Archean rocks [ 2 ].

Igneous rocks are formed by the crystallisation of a magma. The difference between granites and basalts is in silica content and their rates of cooling. A basalt is about 53% SiO2, whereas granite is 73%.

Origin of Basaltic Magma Reading: Winter, Chapter 10 • Seismic evidence – Basalts are generated in the mantle – Result from partial melting of mantle material • Most other magmas can evolve from basalt primary magma by fractional crystallization, assimilation, etc. Principal Types of Ocean Basins Basalt

2014年7月31日 · Scroll down for a chart summarizing petrological differences between tholeiitic and alkali basalts. You can read more about the different magma series here. Both of these basalt types two types are found found in Hawaii (alkalics appear briefly at the beginning and end of volcano-building, while tholeiitic makes up the major component).

2025年1月23日 · There are three major types of magma. Basaltic (or mafic) magma predominates in nonexplosive volcanic eruptions. It is a high-temperature magma (1,200 °C [about 2,200 °F]) characterized by flowing lava, and it is made up of about 45–55 percent silica (SiO 2) by weight.

2011年3月31日 · Basaltic magma is typically composed of mafic minerals, which are rich in iron and magnesium. These minerals have a higher melting point, which is why basaltic magma has a higher temperature (around 1200 °C) when it erupts. On the other hand, rhyolitic magma is composed of felsic minerals, which are rich in silica.