Acute insults to patients with chronic liver disease can lead to ACLF, among which, hepatitis B virus-related ACLF is the most common type of liver failure in the Asia-Pacific region.

This Osmosis High-Yield Note provides an overview of Liver diseases essentials. All Osmosis Notes are clearly laid-out and contain striking images, tables, and diagrams to help visual learners understand complex topics quickly and efficiently. Find more information about Liver diseases by visiting the associated Learn Page.

2024年5月30日 · Which pathological features should be present in the liver biopsy from a patient with acute on chronic hepatic failure? B. Severe fibrosis or cirrhosis. Acute on chronic hepatic failure occurs in patients with underlying chronic liver disease or cirrhosis; hence, the chronicity feature (fibrosis or cirrhosis) should be present.

2016年4月1日 · ALF is characterized by hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and coagulopathy, occurring within days or weeks. Establishing aetiology is essential for treatment, prognostication, and liver transplantation consideration. Viral hepatitis and drug-induced liver failure are the two commonest causes worldwide.

2023年6月14日 · Acute decompensation (AD) of chronic liver disease refers to a sudden worsening of the condition of a previously compensated or decompensated cirrhotic patient due to an acute event that may present with hepatic (jaundice, ascites, and HE) or non-hepatic (VH, AKI, or sepsis) failure, up to 3 months of acute insult . ACLF is a distinct syndrome ...

2019年12月17日 · Atypical causes of viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure include the following: Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus, paramyxovirus, Epstein-Barr virus. 9. DRUG INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY • Acetaminophen is the main drug for these type of hepatotoxicity.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare syndrome resulting from an acute insult to the liver in patients without known underlying chronic liver disease. It is characterized by loss of synthetic function in the form of jaundice and coagulopathy and development of hepatic encephalopathy.

2023年4月7日 · Acute liver failure is defined as severe acute liver injury for fewer than twenty-six weeks duration with encephalopathy and impaired synthetic function (INR of 1.5 or higher) in a patient without cirrhosis or preexisting liver disease. This activity reviews the etiology, evaluation, and management of acute liver failure.

Below are more details on the pathophysiology of disease. Viruses enter the blood stream and spread to the liver. They infect the hepatocytes and multiply. They change the antigen structure on the virus site. The body begins to use self-mediated immune response attempting to damage the hepatocytes.

2021年6月14日 · Pathophysiologically, stasis of blood in the hepatic parenchyma, due to impaired hepatic venous drainage, leads to the dilation of central hepatic veins and hepatomegaly; elevated hepatic venous pressure and decrease in hepatic venous flow causes hypoxic injury to hepatocytes and eventual diffuse hepatocyte death and fibrosis